Matsumoto Castle has the oldest still existing five-layered castle keep in Japan. The black-and-white contrast of the castle with the Alps in the background is a sight to behold. During the warring-states period in the 15th and 16th century, samurai warlords fought for the castle which necessitated the strong, fortified, black parts of the exterior. In contrast, the white parts of the exterior were created during a peaceful period when fortifications were not necessary. Matsumoto Castle is unique in having both of these aspects. Fans of history will appreciate this historical oddity.